Why Do Mouth Ulcers Keep Coming Back? Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Prevention

What Are Mouth Ulcers?

Mouth ulcers are small, painful sores that appear inside the mouth. Many people call them canker sores or oral ulcers. Usually, these spots are white or yellow with a red border. While most mouth ulcers heal on their own, some keep coming back. This can be frustrating and uncomfortable. Understanding mouth ulcers helps you manage them better.

Common Symptoms of Mouth Ulcers

Most mouth ulcers have clear signs. However, symptoms can vary from person to person. Here are some common symptoms:

Painful sores inside the mouth, on the cheeks, lips, or tongue

White, yellow, or gray spots with a red edge

Burning or tingling before the sore appears

Difficulty eating or drinking due to pain

Swelling around the sore

Sometimes, people may also feel mild fever or swollen glands. But this is less common. If you notice these symptoms, you may have a mouth ulcer.

Why Do Mouth Ulcers Keep Coming Back?

Many people wonder why mouth ulcers keep coming back. There are several causes and risk factors. Knowing these can help you prevent future sores.

Minor injuries: Accidentally biting your cheek or brushing too hard can cause ulcers.

Stress: Emotional stress or anxiety can trigger mouth ulcers in some people.

Food sensitivities: Spicy, acidic, or rough foods may lead to sores.

Vitamin deficiencies: Lack of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid can increase your risk.

Hormonal changes: Some women get ulcers during their menstrual cycle.

Medical conditions: Diseases like celiac disease or Crohn’s disease can cause recurrent mouth ulcers.

Family history: If your parents had mouth ulcers, you might get them too.

Dental appliances: Braces or ill-fitting dentures can irritate the mouth lining.

Additionally, some people get mouth ulcers without a clear reason. If your ulcers keep coming back, it may be due to one or more of these factors.

How Are Mouth Ulcers Diagnosed?

Usually, a dentist or doctor can diagnose mouth ulcers by looking at them. They may ask about your symptoms and health history. Sometimes, further tests are needed. For example, if ulcers are severe or keep returning, your doctor may:

Order blood tests to check for vitamin deficiencies

Test for infections or other health problems

Take a small sample (biopsy) if the sore looks unusual

Early diagnosis helps rule out serious conditions. If you have frequent or large ulcers, see a healthcare professional.

Treatment Options for Mouth Ulcers

Most mouth ulcers heal within one to two weeks. However, treatment can ease pain and speed up healing. Here are some common options:

Over-the-counter gels or ointments to reduce pain

Mouth rinses with saltwater or antiseptic solutions

Pain relievers like acetaminophen (if needed)

Prescription medicines for severe or frequent ulcers

In some cases, treating the underlying cause, such as a vitamin deficiency, can help. Always follow your doctor’s advice for the best results.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention Strategies

While mouth ulcers are common, you can take steps to lower your risk. Try these prevention tips:

Brush your teeth gently with a soft-bristled brush

Avoid foods that trigger your ulcers, such as spicy or acidic items

Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals

Manage stress with relaxation techniques like deep breathing

Drink plenty of water to keep your mouth moist

Visit your dentist regularly for dental health check-ups

By following these tips, you may reduce how often you get mouth ulcers.

When to See a Dentist or Doctor

Most mouth ulcers are harmless. However, you should see a dentist or doctor if:

Your ulcers last more than two weeks

You have very large or painful sores

You get ulcers often (recurrent mouth ulcers)

You have trouble eating or drinking

You notice sores with other symptoms, like fever or rash

Early care can help rule out serious problems and provide relief.

In summary, mouth ulcers are common but can be managed. If you have concerns about recurrent mouth ulcers, consult a dental specialist for personalized advice on managing your symptoms.